Automation know-how Outsourcing meets automation Organize to automate Grid on the job Danger in the new data center

Planning the new  data center  means more than plotting out server consolidation and virtualization. It also means knowing the effect these have on overall data center design. Bob Doherty, a 30-year IT veteran, studies such issues for the Data Center Institute, a think tank run by AFCOM, an association for data center professionals. In an interview with Signature Series Editor Beth Schultz, Doherty describes what he calls the new data center's "physiology" - and explains why conditions might deteriorate quickly.

What do you mean by 'data center physiology'?

Because the data center is evolving so fast, with ever-increasing demands for uptime and the introduction of new technologies such as blade servers and grid computing, I liken the data center to a living, breathing and growing entity. So when I talk about physiology, I mean those ingredients - the nutrients - that give the data center life. That energy source that fosters healthy performance. Unfortunately, I see all too many data centers in decline - they are not healthy.

What is causing this illness - new server consolidation technologies and the like?

For the past 25 years, data center managers have been able to host most any type of technology within the walls of their data centers. We think and calculate in increments of 2-foot-square blocks, as this is the size of the data center's raised floor panel. Equipment will usually conform to this mental grid we see as we plan the addition of more equipment and technology. Server consolidation has allowed us to free up valuable floor space in the data center. Glen Goss, of GJ Associates in Stow, Mass., hosted a conference a few months back at which I heard a report on the cost of a Tier-1 data center to be a staggering $1,060 per square foot. So consolidation looks to be a real benefit for us. That whopping $1,060 per square foot sounds like a premium price to me. So, yes, miniaturization is a good thing - at first glance.

Just at first glance? Why?

Can you remember not so many years ago running applications on an Intel 486? Conservatively, that hardware required 10U of space in a 19-inch computer rack with power consumption at about 6 amps for each server. So in a 42U-high, 19-inch rack we were able to host four computers. Power consumption was around 2kW per rack. We also are using an area half the size of the space allotted to our computer equipment for service and utilities to support the data center's infrastructure needs. Miniaturization looked like a dream come true because we started putting 10 servers in one rack - then 15. Things were looking good until we realized we were not able to dissipate the heat being generated in a rack with 15 or more servers.