REST (Representational State Transfer)
An architectural style for Web services in which core Internet technologies, in particular, HTTP (and its PUT, GET, POST and DELETE operators), are used to exchange data. For example, a URL could be used to represent the location of a particular set of data to be acessed by a Web service. This contrasts with RPC-based systems, such as SOAP or XML-RPC, which use their own syntax for describing the location of information.
Additional resources
Second Generation Web Services
Paul Precod explains why he favors REST for Web services.
RESTwiki
REST overviews and resources.
Why XML-RPC is better
By Dave Winer of UserLand Software.
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